2017年11月CATTI 三筆真題參考譯文 | 獨家提供

以下參考譯文由翻譯米學員試譯，非官方版本。如有出入，請友善指出。

It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.

郵件里的一個小小單詞，卻導致一家跨國公司蒙受了巨額經濟損失。

The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.

公司里一名以英語為母語的員工，發了一封英文郵件，給以英語為第二語言的同事。由於不確定一個詞的意思，這位同事查了詞典，發現存在兩個完全矛盾的意思，結果他偏偏選中了錯的那個。

Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. 「It all traced back to this one word,」 says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didnt reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. 「Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.」

項目失敗了。數月後，公司管理層為了調查原因，耗費了數十萬美元。身在英國的跨文化溝通技能培訓師蔡孫重（Chia Suan Chong）表示：「最後，一切都歸因於這個詞。雙方的理解南轅北轍，於是一切都亂了套。」但她沒有透露這個棘手的單詞具體是什麼，因為這個單詞高度行業化，一旦透露，就很有可能暴露企業信息。

When such misunderstandings happen, it』s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.

蔡孫重說，類似的誤解，通常是英語母語者的過錯。諷刺的是，與將英語作為第二或第三語言的人相比，英語母語者反而更不擅長傳達信息。

A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world』s global language. They feel they don』t have to spend time learning another language,」 says Chong.

蔡孫重表示：「英語成了全球語言，許多英語母語者覺得志得意滿，覺得根本不用再花時間學習其他語言。」

The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.

蔡孫重還說，非母語者講英語時，和所有其他以英語為第二或第三語言的人一樣，更具有目的性，也更為小心謹慎。反之，英語母語者往往語速過快，叫人跟不上，或者愛講只有歐美文化背景的人才聽得懂的笑話、俚語和段子。

「The native English speaker… is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,」 she adds.

「英語母語者就是意識不到自我調整，關照他人的必要性，」蔡孫重補充道。

With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, it』s Anglophones who may need to up their game.

鑒於世界上大部分人口，並非以英語為母語，英語母語者還是很有必要加強自身的溝通交流能力。

「Native speakers are at a disadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situation,」 where English is being used as a common denominator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK』s University of Southampton. 「It』s the native English speakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.」

任職英國南安普敦大學(University of Southampton)的全球英語教授詹尼弗·詹金斯（Jennifer Jenkins）表示：「周圍的人都把英語作為通用語的情況下，英語母語者實際上處境不利，因為他們難以理解別人，也很難傳達自己的意思」。

Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there』s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, 「That』s interesting」 a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, 「That』s rubbish.」 But other nationalities would take the word 「interesting」 on face value, he says.

非英語母語者通常辭彙量較為匱乏，表達也相對簡單，不會運用華麗的辭藻或俚語。布拉特納（Blattner）認為，這就導致了文化差異。一名英國人說一項提議「很有趣」，其他英國人大概會覺得，這不過是「很垃圾」的委婉說法，但外國人就會從字面上去理解這句話。

「English speakers with no other language often have a lack of awareness of how to speak English internationally.」

「不懂其他語言的英語母語者，往往缺乏國際意識，不懂得用英語和外國人妥善溝通」。

In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.

庫爾特（Coulter）在柏林親眼見過，一家世界500強企業，從加利福尼亞總部通過視頻，向德國員工傳達指示。德國員工儘管英語水平不錯，但也僅能勉強抓住美國項目領導的大意。於是他們自己內部商定了一種理解，至於是否如實反映了總部的實際意圖，誰也說不準。

「Too many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not 『losing face』 — and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,」 he says.

庫爾特說：「不少非英語母語者，尤其是亞洲人和法國人，都太過糾結『面子』問題，即使完全聽不懂，也會點頭表示贊同」。

That』s why Nerriere devised Globish — a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. 「It』s not a language, it』s a tool,」 he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he』s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.

為此，內里埃（Nerriere）發明了全球語，這是一種簡化版的英語，辭彙量精簡到1500詞左右，語法既簡單又規範。他說：「全球語不是語言，只是工具」。自2004年推廣全球語以來，內里埃已經賣出超過20萬冊全球語教材，涵蓋了18種語言。

「If you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language you save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don』t have errors in communication,」 Nerriere says.

內里埃表示：「簡化語言，限定辭彙，有效溝通，就能節省不少時間，還能避免引起誤解，杜絕交流失誤」。

When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, it』s important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English, Jenkins says.

詹金斯表示：用英語交流時，面對水平各異的人，我們應該懷著靈活包容的態度，去適應形形色色的英語用法，這一點很重要。

「People who』ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,」 she says.

她補充道：「學過外語的人擅長這點，但英語母語者由於只會一種語言，並太擅長適應各種語言變體」。

In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.

斯特格勒斯（Steggles）表示，開會的時候，英語母語者容易語速過快，還自以為語速正常，而且經常急著插話。

He recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledgement, reaction or action.

他建議，英語母語者用多種方式來表達同一個觀點，同時請對方就對內容作出確認、反饋或反應。

氣候變化已不是單純的環境保護問題，而成為人類生存與發展問題。中國需要改變以煤為主的能源結構和高污染、高能耗的產業結構，以治理環境和應對全球氣候變化。同時，積極應對氣候變化也是中國參與全球治理的責任，也是實現可持續發展的迫切需要。中國作為世界最大的發展中國家，需要積極推動經濟與能源的轉型，以推動全球可持續發展。

To address climate change, more than an environmental protection issue, but one of subsistence and development of mankind, it is imperative for China to change its carbon-oriented energy mix and the industrial structure featuring heavy pollution and high energy consumption, in an attempt to govern the environment and address global climate change. Meanwhile, it』s both an international duty for China to take a positive approach in combating climate change and an urgent need to render sustainable development a reality. As the largest developing country around the globe, China is impelled to spur the transformation of economy and energy, thereby promoting global sustainable development.

長期以來，中國高度重視氣候變化問題，把積極應對氣候變化作為國家經濟社會發展的重大戰略，把綠色低碳發展作為生態文明建設的重要內容，採取了一系列行動，為應對全球氣候變化做出了重要貢獻。

China attaches great importance to addressing climate change since long, making it a significant national strategy for its social and economic development and promoting green and low-carbon development as an important component of the ecological civilization. It has already taken a series of climate actions which represent a significant contribution to combating the global climate change.

到2020年單位國內生產總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，非化石能源佔一次能源消費總量的比重達到15% ， 森林面積比2005年增加4000萬公頃，森林蓄積量2005年增加13億立方米。

China announced that by 2020 it will lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% from the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to about 15% and increase the forested area by 40 million hectares and the forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters compared to the 2005 levels.

中國還將在農業、林業、水資源等重點領域和城市、沿海、生態脆弱地區形成有效抵禦氣候變化風險的機制，提高抵抗能力。

Moreover, China will continue to proactively adapt to climate change by enhancing mechanisms and capacities to effectively defend against climate change risks in key areas such as agriculture, forestry and water resources, as well as in cities, coastal and ecologically vulnerable areas.

這些譯文和你心裡的版本一致嗎？大家不妨在留言說出你對譯文的看法。覺得好請點贊，覺得不好也說出你的觀點。米姐將請來翻譯米教研老師抽選幾條與你們討論。機會難得，快來參與互動吧~

翻譯米即將開設 一堂講座 針對 2017年11月CATTI考試真題 進行分析、講解。

CATTI考試講座群

群號：109495671