「respectively」的用法

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「respectively」 主要用於配對兩組事物，表明後一組與前一組按照相同的順序排列，從而使句意明確。

• 例如：Bobby, Nicole and Daren wore red, green and blue coats, respectively.

List 1 List 2

• Bobby wore a red coat.
• Nicole wore a green coat.
• Daren wore a blue coat.

「respectively」常常被誤用，有如下幾種情況。

1）誤將「respectively」放在句中

• 錯誤 Equations 2～6 can be respectively linearized as:……(equations given)…
• 正確 Equations 2～6 can be linearized as:……(equations given)…, respectively.
• 錯誤 The weights of the two experts are respectively 0.600 and 0.400.
• 正確 The weights of the two experts are 0.600 and 0.400, respectively.

2）濫用「respectively」

• 錯誤 If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck process are, respectively, below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1; otherwise, if either is, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the core technology and core quality are, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 3; otherwise, if either is, respectively, below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.
• 正確 If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck process are below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1; otherwise, if either is above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the core technology and core quality are above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 3; otherwise, if either is below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.
• 錯誤 Then, the rows of vortex due to both of the long and short blades are transformed into two singularities on the ζ -plane and integrate the induced velocity along the blades respectively.
• 正確 Then, the rows of vortex due to both of the long and short blades are transformed into two singularities on the ζ -plane and integrate the induced velocity along the blades.
• 錯誤 The dynamic characteristics of a rotor with asymmetric stiffness or with initial warp have been studied before respectively.
• 正確 The dynamic characteristics of a rotor with asymmetric stiffness or with initial warp have been studied before.
• 錯誤 The inlet and outlet temperature of the air cooler were measured using two thermocouples respectively.
• 正確 The inlet and outlet temperature of the air cooler were measured using two thermocouples.

respective作為形容詞，表示「各自」的意思，用法比較常規，比如：

• patients received respective treatments
• patients in respective groups

來源：The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students （By Felicia Brittman）