美國總統奧巴馬接受《南方周末》專訪及致讀者的簡訊

以下為採訪實錄：

Q Your first trip to China is ending. So can you use just one sentence to tell us your favorite about the trip?

問：您的首次訪華即將結束。此時，請您用一句話告訴我們您對這次訪問的感想？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: It has been a very productive trip. We have worked on a range of issues of mutual concern to the United States and China, and I think it signifies the continued growth of the relationship that is so important not only to our two peoples but also to the world.

奧巴馬總統：此次訪華成果豐碩。我們討論了許多中美雙方共同關注的話題：我們兩國雙邊關係的發展，不僅對兩國人民關係重大，對全世界都是非常重要的。

Q I know you love basketball. So do you think you have time to play basketball while you"re being President?

問：聽說您喜歡籃球。那麼，在您當選總統之後，您還有時間打籃球嗎？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: You know, I do play, not as often as I used to, but I still play maybe once every week or two. And I enjoy going to games, as well. I wish I could have gone to see the Shanghai Sharks, but it wasn"t in my schedule. And I"m looking forward to meeting Yao Ming, who is one of my favorite players.

奧巴馬總統：現在打球的確沒有過去那麼多了，但是每周我還是會打一次球的。我喜歡看籃球比賽。我希望能看到上海大鯊魚隊的比賽，不過我沒有時間，我也希望能見到姚明。他是我最喜歡的球員之一。

Q 2009 is 30 years anniversary of China and U.S. diplomacy. On the press reception you said you welcome China to be a strong, prosperous country, playing a more important role on international affairs. And in the two countries" joint declaration, China also welcomed America to play an important role as a Asia Pacific country. So how do you see the China-America cooperation in Asia Pacific area?

問：今年是中美建交30周年。你在記者招待會上表示歡迎一個強大、繁榮並且能在國際舞台上發揮重大作用的中國。聯合聲明中，中方也表示歡迎美國作為亞太國家，在亞太事務中發揮重要作用。你如何看待中美在亞太地區的合作？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, first of all, I think it"s obvious that China"s emergence as a major economic power in the world has been one of the most important things to happen over the last two decades. And part of the reason that China has been able to grow so rapidly is because of strong trade ties between the United States and China.

More importantly, we"re seeing our relationship move beyond just issues of trade and economics. We"re now consulting with each other on critical issues like climate change that can"t be solved unless the United States and China participate.

And so increasingly I think what you"ll see is a broad strategic relationship between the two countries in which not only are we seeking to cooperate on key economic issues that can increase prosperity for both peoples, but that we"re also working closely together on everything from climate change to nonproliferation,, to dealing with issues of terrorism, to making sure that we"re addressing critical issues like global poverty and food security.

And I welcome China"s role in the world -- on the world stage. As it has more resources and more confidence, it"s able to take on more and more responsibilities. And we look forward to being an effective partner with China.

奧巴馬總統：首先很明顯的是，中國已經成為世界上最重要的經濟力量之一，這是過去二十年，世界上發生的最重要的事情之一。中國能夠高速發展的部分原因是中美兩國良好的貿易關係。更重要的是，中美兩國的關係已超越了貿易。在許多重要議題上，相互聽取意見，比如氣候變化，如果沒有中美兩國的參與是不能解決的。

很快，你們會看到兩國廣泛的戰略合作，其中我們不僅尋求主要經濟議題的合作——當然這可以給兩個國家帶來繁榮，我們還會在所有問題上緊密合作，從氣候變化到反核擴散，從打擊恐怖主義到減少貧困及糧食安全問題。我們希望看到中國在國際舞台上成長。一個更有才智和自信的中國會承擔更大的責任。同時，我們也期望成為中國有效的合作夥伴。

Q My fourth question is, America has not recognized China"s market economic status. So what effort you give to this question?

問：我的第四個問題是，美國迄今為止還沒有承認中國的市場經濟地位。您在這些方面有什麼行動呢？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, keep in mind that China"s non-market status under the WTO only applies to a few segments of the economy. Most of China"s economic sectors are treated as part of the market economy. That"s why trade with the United States is so robust. And my understanding is, is that the Chinese government is taking steps necessary in order for it to achieve a market status by 2015, and certainly we are interested in working with China for such a result.

奧巴馬總統：要記住的是，中國的非市場經濟地位只是在部分領域被應用。大多數領域，中國被以市場經濟來對待，這也是為什麼中美貿易關係發展如此有力。我的理解是中國政府已經採取了必要的措施，目標是在2015年取得市場經濟地位。當然，美國有興趣與中國在這個目標上展開合作。

Q Do you have to schedule, to work on to recognize China"s market economy status?

問：請問你有解決這個問題的時間表嗎？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, this is an issue that involves a lot of technical economic questions. And so what we have done through our strategic and economic dialogue is to create a framework where we can work through many of these detailed issues at a technical level -- hopefully they can be resolved.

奧巴馬總統：這包含許多經濟上的技術問題。我們所做的是在中美戰略與經濟對話中構建一個框架。許多問題是技術層面的，我們希望能夠解決這些問題。

Q We notice China and America has a large content of trade, but America has many restrictions against China on high-technology exportation. Both China and America"s companies are not very satisfied on this. So it also restricts the two countries" trade balance. How do you comment on this?

問：中美兩國間的貿易量很大，但美國在對話高科技產品出口方面有很多限制。兩國相關企業對此很不滿意，這也限制了兩國貿易的平衡發展，對此，你有何評價？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, first of all, I think it"s just important to recognize obviously that the United States has the most open markets in the world. That"s why China is able to accumulate such significant trade surpluses with the United States. The issue of high-tech exports, though, is something that we are reviewing. I discussed this with President Hu. We do think there are opportunities for U.S. exporters to export high-tech technology or to export high technology to China. And some of these restrictions may be outdated, so we"re going to be doing a comprehensive review.

One of the main goals I think in the G20 summit in Pittsburgh was to agree that we need a more balanced growth pattern in which China is increasing domestic demand, and other surplus countries are increasing domestic demand, and the United States is saving more and exporting more. That I think will help to stabilize the world financial system as well as help create higher standards of living here in China and more jobs in the United States. And so this could be part of a broader approach that we need to take, and that includes looking at trade provisions, it includes what our currency policies are. All these things go into this broader goal of more balanced growth.

奧巴馬總統：首先要意識到很重要的一點是，美國是世界上最開放的市場之一。這也是中國能積累與美國如此多的貿易盈餘的原因。我們會重新考慮高科技產品出口壁壘。胡主席和我已討論這個議題，我們認為美國的出口商將會有機會出口高科技產品到中國。有些限制已經到期，我們將重新審查這些限制，匹斯堡G20峰會的目標之一是我們需要一種更平衡的經濟增長模式方面達成一致。中國和其他一些國家需要擴大國內消費，而美國正在進行更多的儲蓄和更多的出口。這有助於世界金融體系的穩定，同時也可以提高中國人民的生活水平，並給美國創造更多的就業機會。這是我們採取的更廣泛措施的一部分。其他措施還包括審查貿易條款及我們匯率政策。所有這些都是為了更廣闊的目標和經濟平衡增長。

Q You talked twice, in Tokyo and Shanghai, that America not trying to contain China"s rise. So how do you plan to carry out this policy? How do you do it?

問：在東京和上海，你兩次提到美國不尋求牽制中國。您打算如何執行這些政策？您如何做這些呢？

PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, I think through the kinds of ongoing discussions and dialogue that we"re currently having with China. It is in the United States" interests to have a stable and prosperous China that helps to anchor a stable and prosperous Asia in the same way that Japan"s stability, South Korea"s stability creates a more peaceful world and greater commercial ties with the United States. The same is true in respect to our policy towards China.

I think that the only thing that could prevent such a positive outcome is if there are misunderstandings and miscalculations between the two sides. And that"s why it"s so important for us to have these continuous dialogues both on the economic set of issues, but also on security issues. And the more trust that"s been established between the two countries, the less likely such misunderstandings could occur.

奧巴馬總統：我們在於中國進行的對話中多次表示，中國的穩定和繁榮符合美國的國家利益。一個繁榮的中國能夠幫助確保一個繁榮穩定的亞洲。正如韓國和日本的穩定有利於世界和平和美國的商業發展。唯一阻止這種積極性結果出現的是我們相互誤解和判斷失誤。這也是為什麼我們不僅需要經濟方面的對話，安全方面的對話也是如此重要。中美兩國的信任越多，出現這種誤解的可能性就越小。

Q Thank you very much.

問：非常感謝您。

以下為奧巴馬總統致《南方周末》及讀者的簡訊：

To the Southern Weekly and its readersI look forward to continuing the ties between our two countries,and congratulate you for contributing to the analysis and flow of vital political information.An educated citizenry is the key to an effective government,and a free press contributes to that well-informed citizenry.致《南方周末》及其讀者我希望繼續維護我們兩國間的關係，

並祝賀你們在分析及傳遞關鍵政治信息上的貢獻。

受過良好教育的公民是建立一個有為政府的重要前提，

而出版自由對這一有智識的公民社會大有助益。

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