Spartakus開發報告#2 | 中東設定、萊茵蘭共和派、病夫帝國與加米涅夫的奮鬥
Spartakus: World in Revolution
Dev Report 2
Hello, and welcome to the second Dev Report for Spartakus. Here is the link to last weeks Dev Report.
大家好，歡迎來到斯巴達克斯的第二篇開發報告，這是上周開發報告的鏈接。
sparkz: Middle East Rework
sparkz：中東重做
Originally, the lore for the Middle East was a bit vague and had only one significant change with the Ottoman Sultanate being preserved. However, with new members joining the development team, there has been new research and new insight and it has become quite obvious that the changes made in the Spartakus timeline would ripple throughout all of the Middle East and would cause potentially drastic changes, especially with the Turkish War of Independence failing. This is why I bring you the Middle East 「Rework」, which will hopefully make things more interesting outside of Europe.
最初，我們的團隊對中東的設定有些含糊，早期版本中有關中東唯一重要的設定就是奧斯曼蘇丹國倖存了下來。然而，隨著更多新成員加入開發小組，我們對當地背景有了新的認識與研究，因此斯巴達克斯世界線將對整個中東地區進行一次大規模調整，尤其涵蓋關於土耳其獨立戰爭失敗的內容。以上便是我給大家帶來中東模塊「重做」的全部原因，希望這將使歐洲以外的其它地區也能更加有趣。
Notice: None of the following is final and minor or major changes may take place later down the line which could completely nullify some of the following lore. Regardless, it should give you an idea of the direction this is taking
注意：以下講解的所有內容都非最終定案，根據過程的演進我們可能徹底推翻下文中的部分認知，並由此對相關設定作出或大或小的調整，但至少我們相信這篇日誌能夠給你一個設定大致方向的概念。
Saudi Arabia, or lack thereof:
沙烏地阿拉伯，也許壓根算不上阿拉伯？
Saudi Arabia has been reverted to its original status as Nejd, a tribal state based around the city of Riyadh. It is ruled by the Saud family. Historically, they were able to unite much of Arabia relatively unopposed, however due to the extensively interventionist attitude of Britain following the German Revolution, Britain annuls the Treaty of Darin, fearing its Persian Gulf protectorates would be threatened. As a result the Saud family and its Ikhwan warriors never attempt an invasion of the British-backed Kingdom of Hejaz in the mid 1920』s. While they do defeat Jabal Shammar in the north, their position is extremely precarious and Ibn Saud』s reluctance to invade Hejaz has caused major issues with the Ikhwan, who may seek to overthrow him.
沙烏地阿拉伯已經退回到起初的內志王國，淪為以利雅得城及周邊地區為核心的部落國家。這個國家依然接受沙特家族統治，在歷史上，他們本能夠相對不受干預地統一阿拉伯大部分地區。然而在本位面中，由於德國革命後英國的干涉主義態度高漲，英國人擔心帝國位處波斯灣的保護國們會受到威脅，他們背棄了達林條約Treaty of Darin。其結果是，沙特家族與他們手下的伊赫萬派Ikhwan（譯註：國內新教伊赫瓦尼派與此同一源流）武士們從未試圖在20世紀20年代入侵英國支持下的漢志王國。儘管他們後來擊敗了北方的舍邁爾山酋長國Jabal Shammar，但沙特家族在當地的統治地位仍不穩固，伊本·沙特國王本人又不願進一步入侵漢志，這使得王室與伊赫萬派教團間發生了許多不愉快，後者很可能會尋求機會推翻國王。
Kingdom of Hejaz:
漢志王國
Hejaz is ruled by the Hashemite family under Ali bin Hussein. While it is de jure independent, in reality the British protection comes with a price. Although Hejaz is the most powerful and influential nation on the Arabian Peninsula, it must balance its commitments to Britain with its desire to establish a pan-Arabic state. It also faces troubles from Ibn Saud and his Ikhwan, and falling out of favor with the British could mean the end of Hashemite rule over Mecca.
在阿里·本·海珊的領導下，哈希姆家族統領著漢志地區。儘管王國在法理上是獨立的，卻實際上接受著英國有償的庇護。儘管漢志仍然是阿拉伯半島上最強大、最具影響力的國家，但他們必須在對英國人的承諾與建立泛阿拉伯國家的渴望之間謀求平衡。此外哈希姆家族還不得不應對伊本·沙特與伊赫萬派教團的威脅，一旦失去英國的支持，哈希姆王朝對麥加的統治很可能將走向終結。
Syria
敘利亞
Syria is currently under French administration, however the stability of what France calls its 「colony」 (much to the dismay of the British) has come into question. Two revolts have nearly ended French rule in the last decade and a crisis at home could bring another crushing revolt. With France busy with its own issues at home, it seems more and more unlikely they would dedicate thousands of troops again to crush another revolt. Only time will tell.
敘利亞地區目前處於法國的行政統治之下，然而這塊法國所稱的「殖民地」(這種稱呼令英國大為失望)的穩定性已經受到了越來越多的質疑。在過去十年間，兩場起義運動幾乎結束了法國對當地的統治，而法國本土的危機形勢又使得另一場毀滅性的起義運動成為可能。在法國當局忙於國內事務的情況下，本土似乎越來越沒有能力再派遣一支數千人的遠征軍去鎮壓新的起義。只有時間才能證明接下來會發生什麼。
Iraq
伊拉克
Iraq, as in our timeline, is ruled by Faisal of Iraq, former claimant to the throne of the pan-Arabic Kingdom of Syria. However, Hashemite rule is unsteady, and Faisal himself dreams of breaking away from British influence. Further anger has come from the British sponsoring of a Kurdish state in the North, which while weak, remains a thorn in the side of Faisal. Changes in regional politics could motivate Faisal to break away and unify with fellow Hashemite kingdoms in Transjordan and Hejaz.
與現實位面相同，伊拉克由哈希姆家族的費薩爾國王統治，費薩爾本人也同樣有著大阿拉伯敘利亞王國的宣稱權。然而，哈希姆家族在當地的統治也不穩固，而費薩爾自己也夢想著擺脫英國控制。英國人對北方的庫爾德國家的支持更是激化了這種隔閡，儘管庫爾德人的國家非常弱小，卻仍然是費薩爾的眼中釘。地區政治形勢的變化很可能導致他脫離英國的勢力範圍，轉而與外約旦和漢志的哈希姆兄弟王朝謀求統一。
Kurdistan
庫爾德斯坦
The Kurdish State, an idea envisioned within the Treaty of Sevres and the Sykes-Picot Agreement, is split between British and French influence. Although the state is technically independent, it is surrounded by hostile states who claim the territory Kurdistan occupies. This situation is worsened by the French and British sponsored occupation of the Tebriz region in Persia as a response to the successes of the Gilan Soviet, also known as the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic. Although Kurdistan and its leader have aspirations to truly break free, such a move would leave them in a troubling position.
庫爾德人的國家，是在色佛爾條約Treaty of Sevres與賽克斯-皮科協定Sykes-Picot Agreement中提出的設想，其由英法兩國瓜分勢力範圍。儘管這個國家理論上是獨立的，但它卻面臨覬覦庫爾德領土的大批敵對國家的包圍。此外，作為對吉蘭蘇維埃（也稱為波斯蘇維埃社會主義共和國）革命成功的回應，庫爾德人在英法的支持下佔領了波斯的大不里士地區。這一動作使得該國本已險惡的局勢更加惡化。儘管庫爾德斯坦及其領導人都渴望實現真正的自由，但他們的舉動卻在將自己推入危機的波瀾中。
Gilan Soviet:
吉蘭蘇維埃
Due to a breakdown of the already hostile Anglo-Soviet relations, the Bolsheviks in the Spartakus timeline do not relinquish their support for the Gilan Soviet, a rump state based in the Iranian region of Gilan. The fledgling nation has survived to this day, albeit with extreme reliance on Soviet backing and support. The government has been reluctant to implement policies such as collectivization, and they are increasingly under pressure to implement more aggressive policies by their Bolshevik "overlords".
由於已經陷入敵對狀態的英蘇關係徹底破裂，斯巴達克斯世界線中的布爾什維克沒有放棄對吉蘭蘇維埃（譯註：官方名稱為波斯蘇維埃社會主義共和國，吉蘭蘇維埃共和國是其在本位面的通稱）的支持，這是舊革命政權偏安於伊朗吉蘭地區建立的殘餘國家。儘管極度依賴蘇聯的扶助和支持，這個羽翼未豐的小國依然頑強地生存至今。雖然該國政府一直不願意推行諸如集體化這樣的措施，但他們正承受著來自布爾什維克「宗主國」越來越沉重的壓力，要求他們推行更加激進的政策。
Persia
波斯
Note: The below section on Persia is outdated. Refer to Progress Report 4
注意：下面一節關於波斯的內容已經過時了，請參詳進度報告4。
Persia is under the shaky rule of the pro-British Pahlavi dynasty. The countries most valued and abundant resource, oil, is currently entirely under the rule of the United Kingdom through the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. Though a majority of the population still lies within Pahlavi territory, the Gilan Soviet in the north nevertheless remains a thorn in the side of an already unstable country.
在波斯，親英的巴列維王朝正搖搖欲墜地維持著他們對當地的統治。這個國家最有價值而又最充裕的資源，石油，正完全受到英伊石油公司的壟斷。儘管大多數人口都生活在巴列維王朝的控制區內，北方的吉蘭蘇維埃仍然是這個本已不穩定的國家的眼中釘。
Johnny Wex: Inter-Allied Rhineland
Johnny Wex：萊茵蘭聯合託管區
I haven』t introduced myself properly yet. Im Johnny Wex, the developer for the Inter-Allied-Rhineland and Argentina.
正式介紹一下自己：我是Johnny Wex,，萊茵蘭聯合託管區和阿根廷的開發者。
Updates on Inter-Allied Rhineland: Inter-Allied Rhineland is an occupation zone in the Rhineland of Germany. Occupied by France, Britain, and Belgium, and being led by French High Commissioner André Fran?ois-Poncet.
關於萊茵蘭聯合託管區的最新內容：萊茵蘭聯合託管區是位於德國萊茵蘭地區的一個被法國、比利時和英國接管的佔領區，並由法國最高專員安德烈·弗朗索瓦-蓬塞領導。
Through a series of events and focuses, the occupation of the Rhineland will be lifted, and lead to the development of the German Republic, the first time direct democracy has been dreamt of since 1848. Following two paths, the new republic can find allies in the west, and embrace further capitalistic and democratic means, or look to herself, and bolster her power zealously against the far left and right.
通過一系列事件和國策，萊茵蘭將逐漸去佔領化，並將成為德意志共和國。這是自1848年以來，第一次有機會實現直接民主的夢想。新生的共和國有兩條路可選：尋求西方盟友的幫助，並進一步接受資本主義和民主主義價值觀；或專心於內務，增強實力以同時對抗極左與極右勢力。
There will be three dominant parties in Germany, the SPD (social-democrat), led by Otto Wels, the DRP (Liberal-Conservative), led by Hands Adam Dorten, and finally the DES (Social-Conservative) led by Konrad Adenauer.
德意志共和國將有三個主要政黨：奧托·威爾斯的德國社民黨SPD（社會民主主義），漢斯·亞當·多爾滕的德意志帝國黨DRP（自由保守主義），最後是康拉德·阿登納的德國中央黨萊茵蘭分支（社會保守主義）（譯註：此處以遊戲Wiki為準，認定為萊茵蘭的德國中央黨，原本的DES查證後無此政黨縮寫）。
Rika: USSR
Rika：蘇維埃聯盟
In 1932, the Soviet Union is a federation of soviet republics.
在1932年，蘇聯是由諸蘇維埃共和國所組成的聯邦。
In the years of Lenins deteriorating health, Alexei Rykov and Lev Kamenev were appointed co-Deputy Premiers of the Soviet Union. However, due to political embarrassments, Rykov stepped down from this position, leaving Kamenev the sole Deputy Premier until the death of Lenin in 1931, upon which he was elected as the new Premier and therefore leader of the Soviet Union.
在列寧健康狀況日漸惡化的情況下，阿列克謝·李可夫和列甫·加米涅夫共同被任命為蘇聯副總理。但是，由於政治上的壓力，李可夫辭去了這一職務，留下加米涅夫作為唯一的副總理。直到1931年列寧逝世，他被推舉為新的總理，成為了蘇聯的實際領導人。
Since the civil war of the early 1920s, due to devastation of infrastructure and protests such as the Kronstadt uprising, the state has been under the New Economic Policy, what Lenin described as a form of state capitalism in which low-level private trade was allowed in order to aid the recovery of the economy. Lenin never specified how long he had intended this policy to continue, and so it was preserved through the period of his declining health and ability to express himself. However, with his death and the London stock market crash of 1929, many within the party and workers councils now question if the policy should be continued, with both the internationalist and internalist factions calling for it to cease, while the centrists advocate attempting to attain socialism at a snails pace.
自20世紀20年代初的俄國內戰以來，由於基礎設施被嚴重破壞，以及喀琅施塔得水兵暴動一類的抗議活動的影響，蘇聯一直延續著「新經濟政策」，列寧將其稱為一種「國家資本主義」的經濟形式，允許小規模的私營經濟存在以幫助經濟復甦。然而列寧從未具體說明過這個過渡政策該持續多久，所以在其健康狀況與語言能力急速下降的時期，該政策依然得以保留。然而隨著他的死亡和1929年的倫敦股市崩潰，許多工人委員會與黨的內部人士開始質疑政策是否應該繼續保留下去。國際派和國內派都要求停止該政策，而中間派則建議嘗試「漸進實現社會主義」。
The faction struggle is the main challenge for the Soviet Union at the beginning of the game, where the decision must be made whether to support the Internationalists, including Kamenev, Zinoviev and Trotsky, the Centrists, including Bukharin and Rykov, or the Internalists, including Molotov and Stalin. The effects of this decision will be enormous, affecting not just the internal functions of the country - such as industrial policy - but also its stance on the world stage, especially with regards to its relations with the German Socialist Republic.
派系鬥爭是蘇聯在遊戲開局時面臨的主要問題，在遊戲開局時必須決定，是要支持包括加米涅夫、季諾維也夫與托洛茨基在內的國際派，還是支持包括布哈林與李可夫在內的中間派，或者支持莫洛托夫和斯大林在內的國內派。這一決定的影響極為重大，不但影響該國的內部政策——如工業政策——還將影響其在國際舞台上所持的立場，尤其是，這關係到蘇聯與德意志社會主義共和國之間的關係。
Bonus: Sneak peak of reworks of the Red Army
附贈：紅軍重做預覽
NatSpi: The British Empire
NatSpi：大英帝國
In the aftermath of the Great War, Britain engaged in military interventions around Europe to stop the red tide of communism. There would be no rest for the Empire, though, as in January 1919, the Irish First Dáil declared independence for the Irish Republic.
世界大戰塵埃落定後，英國開始在全歐範圍內進行軍事干預，目的是防備共產主義的赤潮。然而，帝國將永無安寧，因為在1919年1月，第一屆愛爾蘭國會Dáil宣布了愛爾蘭共和國的獨立。
To many, it seemed as though the resulting Anglo-Irish War would never end. Despite this, Prime Minister David Lloyd George refused to negotiate a truce with Sinn Féin. In early 1921, socialist James Larkin, at the head of the Irish Labour and trade union movement, called a general strike in support of the Republic. This paralysed the country and hindered British operations, and marked an escalation in the conflict. With the Continent falling to communism and now radical working class action in Ireland, many feared that revolution was coming to Britain.
在許多人看來，英愛衝突似乎永無止境。不僅如此，首相大衛·勞合·喬治拒絕和新芬黨達成妥協。1921年早些時候，社會主義者，愛爾蘭工黨的領導人和工會運動的領袖，詹姆斯·拉金，號召發起了一場支持愛爾蘭共和國的總罷工，這使得國家陷入癱瘓，阻礙了英國人的行動，並且標誌著英愛衝突進一步升級。隨著歐陸陷入共產主義，愛爾蘭的工人階級愈發激進，許多人擔心英國本土也可能爆發革命。
Then, in September 1921, the Irish Republican Army decided to 「bring the war to England.」 The following bombing campaigns in major British cities led to military forces supplementing police in many major cities throughout the Isles. This was widely seen by the British public as a harsh and unnecessary move, and many felt that this set a dangerous precedent.
接著，在1921年的9月，愛爾蘭共和軍決定「把戰爭帶到英格蘭」。隨後在不列顛島上主要城市的爆破行動，導致不列顛群島許多主要城市的軍隊開始承擔起警務。英國民眾將其視為嚴酷並且毫無必要性的舉措，他們擔心這可能會導致更加危險的後續。
Not only were the British people beginning to lose faith in the government, but — perhaps more importantly — so was the King. The country was tired of war. No one could have predicted, though, what would finally bring the conflict in Ireland to a reluctant, bitter end.
不僅英國人民失去了對政府的信心，甚至——也許更重要的是——國王也是如此。國家厭倦了戰爭，然而，誰也沒有預料到，是什麼最終將愛爾蘭的衝突帶到了一個不情願的、苦澀的終末。
In January of 1922, the Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in Ireland, Sir Nevil Macready, without consulting parliament, executed a series of brutal operations in January of 1922. He felt that the government failed to see the true danger of the IRA, and wanted to crush the republicans once and for all.
1922年的一月，在愛爾蘭的英軍司令，內維爾·麥克雷迪爵士在沒有請示議會的情況下，發動了一系列野蠻的作戰行動。他認為政府沒能看到愛爾蘭共和軍真正危險所在，並且想要一勞永逸地擊垮愛爾蘭共和軍。
Although this resulted in the deaths of several prominent IRA leaders, it also caused an unprecedented number of civilian casualties. This event would go down in history as Bloody Saturday, and in one fell swoop, the morale of the Irish was sapped and the ruling British coalition collapsed.
儘管這導致了數位重要的愛爾蘭共和軍領袖的死亡，它同樣也造成了史無前例的平民傷亡。這次事件史稱流血星期六Bloody Saturday，愛爾蘭人的士氣一落千丈，當前執政的英國聯合政府也隨之瓦解。
As the dust settled in Ireland, new elections to the British parliament brought about a coalition between Asquiths "official" Liberals and the Labour Party. The new government swiftly negotiated an end to the war with the remaining Irish leadership, and established Ireland as a Dominion within the Empire.
愛爾蘭塵埃落定之後，英國議會新的選舉中，阿斯奎斯的「官方」自由主義者和工黨之間結成了聯合政府。新政府迅速的與剩餘的愛爾蘭人談判結束了這場戰爭，並且確立了愛爾蘭作為大英帝國的一個自治領的地位。
The coalition fell apart a year later, and due to anti-socialist propaganda by the Conservatives and the Liberals, Labour has never been able to gain mass support since. But finally, Britain was at peace.
聯合政府一年後就瓦解了，由於保守黨和自由黨的反社會主義宣傳，工黨再也沒能得到過大量支持。但無論如何，英國和平了。
Her economic struggles remained, though, and the 1929 crash of the London Stock Exchange convinced many that the British economy would never truly recover. Finally, though, there are signs that the economy is returning to a healthy state. But tensions in Ireland, still chafing under the British yoke, are heating up, and if there were to be another major financial crisis, Britain may be plunged into chaos...
經濟奮鬥仍在繼續，1929年的倫敦股市崩潰使得許多人確信英國的經濟永遠沒法徹底康復過來。但是最終，還是有信號表明經濟正在恢復到一個健康的狀態。然而，愛爾蘭的緊張局勢仍在英國的枷鎖下不斷升溫，如果再發生一場重大的金融危機，英國可能會陷入混亂...
聯合王國
在1918年簽訂停戰協議、革命浪潮席捲俄羅斯和曾經的中央同盟之後，協約國發現自己不在面對戰爭的威脅，而是面對著革命的威脅。愛爾蘭共和主義者發動了對英國統治的起義，我們的人民對戰爭感到厭惡，而我們的經濟也停滯不前。看起來，革命已經橫掃歐洲大陸了。在愛爾蘭發生的戰爭由於軍隊對愛爾蘭共和軍的領袖的一場自作主張的大屠殺而戛然而止，這也導致了1922年聯合政府的垮台。新上任的自由黨-工黨聯合政府同意磋商結束衝突，但是這一次聯合也只持續了一年。在那以後，工黨再也沒有恢復過元氣。全面的穩定再也沒有回到大英帝國。在1929年倫敦股市崩盤之後，許多人失去了對經濟真正恢復的希望，儘管如此，危機看起來終於到頭了。大英帝國將會很快像過去一樣強大，不再有共產主義的威脅。- 統治吧，不列顛尼亞！
愛爾蘭自治領
在十年前的1922年初，愛爾蘭獨立戰爭由於一個粗魯的英國軍官製造了一場大屠殺，並導致執政黨同盟崩潰之後落下了帷幕。新的自由黨-工黨聯合政府迅速達成了和愛爾蘭領導層的協議，並建立起了新芬黨同工黨政治家以及工會的聯合。由於除了接受沒有別的選項，愛爾蘭領導層處於讓破碎的國家免遭進一步的殺戮的願望，簽字放棄了共和國的方案。愛爾蘭議會Dáil éireann在過去的十多年中一直被邁克爾·柯林斯所主導的新芬黨所統治。然而，詹姆斯·拉金的工黨和激進的愛爾蘭運輸工人總工會在愛爾蘭的政壇上依舊是一支可觀的力量，許多愛爾蘭工人還帶著一種特殊的鄉愁回味著獨立戰爭期間發生的總罷工。儘管效忠派民兵還在愛爾蘭積極地保護大英帝國的利益，當地政府由於自己相對於英國議會較低的地位導致一些能力被限制，但是愛爾蘭國家還沒有消亡，許多人希望恢復共和國。-共和國萬歲！
流血星期六的十周年紀念日
今天是流血星期六的十周年紀念日。當時，內維爾·麥克雷迪將軍在沒有直接得到韋斯特敏斯特方面的直接命令的情況下，下令同時對新芬黨和愛爾蘭共和軍分別位於都柏林和科克兩地的領導層發動攻擊。彼時的愛爾蘭工會大會，自社會主義者詹姆斯·拉金在1921年從美國返回之後就一直處在其領導之下，在流血星期六發生的幾個月之前號召發動一起總罷工。這讓愛爾蘭的絕大部分地區陷入癱瘓，並阻擋了英國方面在愛爾蘭進行進一步的行動。這次罷工標誌著衝突的升級，而麥克雷迪感到政府和法院無法認清局勢有多麼嚴峻。流血星期六很快導致愛爾蘭血流成河。民眾被捲入戰爭中，混亂在兩座城市降臨。儘管科克在幾個小時之內就被英軍所控制，但是都柏林戰役卻持續了一個星期，韋斯特敏斯特的政府陷入了危機之中，等到塵埃落定之時，絕大多數殘餘的共和軍領袖已經下令和英軍停戰。一個月後，新政府在英國被選舉上台，並對新芬黨開放談判。這對愛爾蘭國家而言是個特別重大的場合，我們必須確定我們要怎麼紀念它。- 舉辦一場公益活動，悼念死者。- 舉辦演講，譴責英國帝國主義！- 號召發動總罷工！- 我們不能冒險激怒英國人。
We hope you enjoyed the second Dev Report! Remember to join the Discord as well, as many additional teasers are posted on there daily.
我們希望你享受第二篇開發報告。記得加入我們的Discord，我們日常會在那裡放出許多Teaser。
Translation Credit
翻譯：軟軟 Dzier?yńskism 安娜科穆寧 一水戰阿部熊
校對：三等文官猹中堂
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