2017年11月CATTI三級筆譯真題及參考答案

真題及參考譯文均來源於網路

英譯漢部分出自BBC新聞，原文鏈接Native English speakers are the world』s worst communicators（只有一部分有譯文，另一部分是機翻）

　It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.

　　那只是一封電子郵件中的一個字，但是卻導致一家跨國公司經受了巨大的金融損失。

　　The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.

　　這封郵件由英語寫成，由一名英語母語者發給一名英語是第二語言的同事。由於不清楚這個詞的含義，收信人查了字典，找到了兩個矛盾的解釋。但是他卻選擇了錯誤的那一個！

　　Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. 「It all traced back to this one word,」 says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn』t reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. 「Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.」

　　幾個月後，高管調查為什麼該項目花費了數十萬美元還會失敗。英國溝通技巧和跨文化培訓師蔡孫重（音）說道：「這一切的起因只是一個字。」他沒有說明那個麻煩的字到底是什麼，因為它具有很強的行業特徵，很可能會被弄混。「事情失去了控制，因為雙方的意思剛好相反。」

　　When such misunderstandings happen, it』s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.

　　當發生這種誤解時，一般來說應該母語者背鍋。但是諷刺的是，蔡孫重指出相比於英語是第二或第三語言的人來說，英語母語者傳遞信息的能力更差。

　　「A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world』s global language. They feel they don』t have to spend time learning another language,」 says Chong. 「But… often you have a boardroom full of people from different countries communicating in English and all understanding each other and then suddenly the American or Brit walks into the room and nobody can understand them.」

　　蔡孫重認為：「許多人都很高興英語成為了世界性語言。他們覺得自己無需再花時間來學習一門外語。但是經常會發生這樣一種情況——會議室里滿是來自不同國家的人，他們都用英語交流並且都能夠理解對方，突然一個美國人或者英國人走了進來，但是卻沒人能聽懂他說的是啥。」

　　The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong. In emails, they use baffling abbreviations such as 『OOO』, instead of simply saying that they will be out of the office.

　　結果表明，非母語者說話時更有目的性、更仔細，第二或第三語言者一般都是這樣。而另一方面，蔡孫重指出英語母語者經常說得太快以至於別人聽不懂，而且還會用一些自己文化背景下的笑話、俚語和名言。在電子郵件中他們會用一些莫名其妙的縮寫，例如「OOO」，而不是直截了當地說自己要「out of office」。

　　「The native English speaker… is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,」 she adds.

　　她還說道：「英語母語者可能是唯一認為自己不需要適應他人的人。」

It』s the native speaker who often risks missing out on closing a deal, warns Frenchman Jean-Paul Nerriere, formerly a senior international marketing executive at IBM.

「Too many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not 『losing face』 — and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,」 he says.

That』s why Nerriere devised Globish — a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. 「It』s not a language, it』s a tool,」 he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he』s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.

「If you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language you save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don』t have errors in communication,」 Nerriere says.

（這部分是騰訊翻譯君處理的，在線翻譯在處理新聞稿時已經很屌噠）國際商用機器公司(Ibm)前高級國際營銷主管、法國人讓-保羅涅里埃(jean-paulnerriere)警告稱，以英語為母語的人往往有可能錯失達成協議的機會。

他說：「太多的非英語國家，特別是亞洲人和法國人，太擔心『丟臉』--而且在根本沒有得到信息的情況下點頭表示贊同。」

這就是為什麼Nerriere設計了Globish--一種經過提煉的英語形式，它只需要1500個單詞，語法簡單但標準。「這不是一種語言，而是一種工具，」他說。自2004年推出Globish以來，他已銷售了20多萬本18種語言的Globish教科書。

Nerriere說：「如果你能用有限的、簡單的語言進行有效的交流，你就可以節省時間，避免誤解，在交流中也不會有錯誤。」

漢譯英部分

氣候變化已從單純的環境保護問題上升為人類生存與發展問題。而對於中國而言，還有更加重要和緊迫的現實意義。改變中國以煤為主的能源結構和高污染高能耗的產業結構，是中國國內治理環境和應對全球氣候變化的迫切要求。

For a long time, China has been highly focused on climate change. We have included positively responding to climate changes as a major strategy of the nations economic and social development, and adopted green and low-carbon development as an important initiative for building an ecology-friendly and civilized society. We have taken a series of actions and made significant contributions to solving the problem of global climate change.

長期以來，中國高度重視氣候變化問題，把積極應對氣候變化作為國家經濟社會發展的重大戰略，把綠色低碳發展作為生態文明建設的重要內容，採取了一系列行動，為應對全球氣候變化作出了重要貢獻。到2020年單位國內生產總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%，非化石能源佔一次能源消費比重達到15%左右，森林面積比2005年增加4000萬公頃，森林蓄積量比2005年增加13億立方米。中國還將繼續主動適應氣候變化，在農業、林業、水資源等重點領域和城市、沿海、生態脆弱地區形成有效抵禦氣候變化風險的機制和能力，增強抵禦能力。

China attaches great importance to addressing climate change since long, making it a significant national strategy for its social and economic development and promoting green and low-carbon development as important component of the ecological civilization process. It has already taken a series of climate actions which represent a significant contribution to combating the global climate change. In 2009, China announced internationally that by 2020 it will lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% from the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to about 15% and increase the forested area by 40 million hectares and the forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters compared to the 2005 levels.

Moreover, China will continue to proactively adapt to climate change by enhancing mechanisms and capacities to effectively defend against climate change risks in key areas such as agriculture, forestry and water resources, as well as in cities, coastal and ecologically vulnerable areas and to progressively strengthen early warning and emergency response systems and disaster prevention and reduction mechanisms.