【Ubuntu】Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 更換國內源——解決終端下載速度慢的問題

最近裝了ubuntu18.04 LTS，下載軟體有點慢，網上搜了下解決方案，大致是兩種：一、把/etc/apt/sources.list文件里的源更換一下，改成阿里雲或者其它的鏡像

的文件；二、更換software&updates里的select best server。

一、更換/etc/apt/sources.list文件里的源

1. 備份源列表

Ubuntu配置的默認源並不是國內的伺服器，下載更新軟體都比較慢。首先備份源列表文件sources.list：

# 首先備份源列表
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup

2. 打開sources.list文件修改

選擇合適的源，替換原文件的內容，保存編輯好的文件, 以阿里雲更新伺服器為例（可以分別測試阿里雲、清華、中科大、163源的速度，選擇最快的）：

# 打開sources.list文件
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

編輯/etc/apt/sources.list文件, 在文件最前面添加阿里雲鏡像源：

# 阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

3. 刷新列表

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential

下載速度瞬間就起飛了。

4. 其他源

中科大源：

# 中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

163源：

# 163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清華源：

# 清華源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

更換sources.list速度依然還是很慢就請繼續往下看第二種方法。

二、更換software&updates里的select best server

這種方法不需要改什麼文件，直接在select best server里自動選擇。

1. 首先在Show Applications找Software & Updates：

2. 打開software & updates，download from里選擇other：

3. 然後點擊select best server按鈕,它會找到最快的那個,然後點擊choose server,就選好鏡像了：

我這裡搜到的阿里雲的源：

4. 把other software選項中除了阿里雲的鏡像源的對勾都去掉了,目前沒有啥影響：

5. 終端里輸入sudo apt-get update，速度瞬間快的飛起。

sudo apt-get update

參考

1. 修改ubuntu 18.04的sources.list源為阿里或清華鏡像

2. Ubuntu16.04換國內最快源

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